Table 1 Clinical parameters and postoperative complications for analysis

Hospital stay

Days from initial operation to hospital discharge plus any readmission within 30 days

Console time

Time of console surgeon activity (min)

Postoperative hemorrhage

Evidence of blood loss from drains, based on ultrasonography or CT

Transfusion rate

The number of blood transfusions

Urinary leakage

Evidence of creatinine level > 500 μmol/l and volume of the drain output exceeds 200 ml/24 h, confirmed on cystography

Lymphorrhea

Evidence of creatinine level < 500 μmol/l, hematocrit < 0.2, and volume of the drain output exceeding 200 ml/24 h, no urinary leakage on cystography

Intraabdominal fluid collection

Collection of fluid measuring ≥ 3 cm associated with clinical or laboratory abnormalities

Symptomatic fluidothorax

Fluid in the pleural cavity associated with respiratory distress or a need to evacuate the fluid

Thromboembolism

Unilateral limb swelling, acute respiratory insufficiency, based on ultrasonography or CT

Myocardial infarction

Increase of serum concentration of CK-MB and troponin and/or the following ECG changes: new Q waves ≥ 0.04 in duration, new persistent ST elevation, and/or depression

Brain stroke

Presence of neurological symptoms, findings on CT scan or MRI

Pneumonia

Presence of a new infiltrate on chest X-ray, as well as the following: body temperature > 38 °C, abnormal elevation of WBC, or positive sputum, and requiring antibiotic treatment

Acute renal failure

Serum creatinine > 300 μmol/l and/or need for dialysis

Wound infection

Surgical site infection associated with laparotomy that develops during the initial hospital stay

Urinary tract infection

Culture-positive urine, pyuria, or bacteriuria on urinalysis requiring antibiotic treatment