Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Opioid (n = xxx) | Placebo (n = xxx) | |
|---|---|---|
Female | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Age (years) | xx.x (SD), n | xx.x (SD), n |
BMI (kg/m2) | xx.x (SD), n | xx.x (SD), n |
Location of pain | ||
Back | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Neck | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Both | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Days since onset of pain | Med (IQR) | Med (IQR) |
Number of previous episodes of pain | Med (IQR) | Med (IQR) |
Currently employed | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Employment classification | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Manager | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Technician and trade worker | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Clerical and administrative | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Machinery operator or driver | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Professional | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Community or personal services worker | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Sales worker | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Labourer | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Compensable back/neck pain | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Household income/week (years) (AUD) | ||
No income | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
$1–$799 ($1–$41,599) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
$800–$1999 ($41,600–$103,999) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
$2000–$3999 ($104,000–$207,999) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
$4000 or more ($208,000 or more) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Chose not to answer | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Health insurance status | ||
None | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Private hospital only | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Private extras only | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Private hospital and extras | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
DVA | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Chose not to answer | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Pain severity (BPI pain severity subscale average) (x/10) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
Disability (BPI pain interference subscale average) (x/10) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
Condition-specific disability | ||
Back – RMDQ (0–24) | N = mean (SD) | N = mean (SD) |
Neck – NDI (0–50) | N = mean (SD) | N = mean (SD) |
Quality of life – Physical SF12v2 | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
Quality of life – Mental SF12v2 | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
Global perceived effect scale (−5 to 5) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
Healthcare utilisation prior to enrolment | ||
Took prescription opioid medication for back/neck pain | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Saw a physiotherapist | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Had imaging | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Other healthcare | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
On medication for other pain or mood, sleeping, seizures or mental health problems during this episode of pain | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |