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Table 2 Outcome measures in both groups at baseline

From: Effect of manual therapy with exercise in patients with chronic cervical radiculopathy: a randomized clinical trial

Outcome measure

Experimental group

(n=14)

(mean±SD)

Comparison group

(n=14)

(mean±SD)

Mean difference

(95% confidence interval)

PPT (kPa)

 Cervical spine

347±214

294±100

53 (−77.1, 182.4)

 C7 hand

476±184.1

435±130

41 (−82.4, 165.3)

 Affected dermatome

421±128

424±187.7

−2 (−163.2, 157.9)

 Tibialis anterior

519±173.6

475±148.1

44 (−81.2, 169.2)

HPT (°C)

 Cervical spine

45.2±4.2

45.6±4.4

−0.4 (−3.8, 2.9)

 C7 hand

45.3±4

45.6±3.2

−0.3 (−2.5, 3.1)

 Affected dermatome

45.5±3.2

44.9±2.2

0.7 (−1.9, 3.3)

 Tibialis anterior

46.2±3.4

46.1±2.5

0.2 (−2.1, 2.5)

CPT (°C)

 Cervical spine

15.4±8.6

16.3±10

−0.9 (−8.1, 6.3)

 C7 hand

17.1±9.1

18.8±7

−1.7 (−8.1, 4.6)

 Affected dermatome

18.3±9.4

19.5±7.8

−1.2 (−9.6, 7.1)

 Tibialis anterior

12.7±9.4

18.9±10.2

-6.2 (-13.8, 1.4)

NPRS (0–10)

6.4±1.3

6.4±1.7

0 (−1.2, 1.2)

NDI (0–50)

36.5±7.2

35.3±13.9

1.2 (−7.4, 9.7)

Cervical ROM (degree)

 Flexion

48±11.4

43±11.9

5 (−3.6, 14.5)

 Extension

52±19.5

48±15.9

−4 (−17.7, 9.9)

 Rotation (affected)

59±13.3

57±11.8

−2 (−7.0, 12.6)

 Rotation (unaffected)

61±8.2

62±10.3

−1 (−8.7, 5.7)

 Lateral flexion (affected)

33±8.7

32±8.1

−1 (−5.3, 7.8)

 Lateral flexion (unaffected)

34±5.7

39±7.8

5 (−0.8, 9.8)

  1. Abbreviations: CPT Cold pain threshold, HPT Heat pain threshold, NDI Neck disability index, NPRS Numeric pain rating scale, ROM Range of motion, PPT Pressure pain threshold, SD Standard deviation