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Table 3 Description of the primary estimand

From: Estimands in published protocols of randomised trials: urgent improvement needed

Question

Trials (n = 50)—no. (%)

Used term “estimand”

0 (0%)

Cited ICH E9(R1) Addendum

0 (0%)

Estimand attributes

 Population

  Stated

0 (0%)

  Inferable

32 (64%)

  Not inferable

18 (36%)

 Treatment condition(s)

  Stated

0 (0%)

  Inferable

40 (80%)

  Not inferable

10 (20%)

 Outcome

  Stated

50 (100%)

  Inferable

0 (0%)

  Not inferable

0 (0%)

 Population-level summary measure

  Stated

0 (0%)

  Inferable

33 (66%)

  Not inferable

17 (34%)

 Handling of intercurrent event(s)

  Stated

0 (0%)

  Inferable

20 (40%)

  Not inferable

30 (60%)

Overall estimand

 Stated

0 (0%)

 Inferable

13 (26%)

 Not inferable

37 (74%)

Number of attributes not inferable

 0

13 (26%)

 1

14 (28%)

 2

9 (18%)

 3

13 (26%)

 4

1 (2%)

 5

0 (0%)