Heterogeneity in design and analysis of ICU delirium randomized trials: a systematic review

Table 2 Characteristics of delirium assessments for the 65 delirium trials

	Overall	Prevention	Treatment	Both
	n = 65	n = 44	n = 12	n = 9
Delirium screening instrument^a
CAM-ICU	42 (65)	27 (61)	8 (67)	7 (78)
CAM	7 (11)	5 (11)	0 (0)	2 (22)
DSM Criteria	5 (8)	4 (9)	1 (8)	0 (0)
ICDSC	4 (6)	2 (5)	2 (17)	0 (0)
NEECHAM	4 (6)	3 (7)	1 (8)	0 (0)
Chart review	2 (3)	2 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)
DSI	1 (2)	1 (2)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Frequency of assessments
Daily	23 (35)	18 (41)	3 (25)	2 (22)
Twice daily	28 (43)	19 (43)	6 (50)	3 (33)
More than twice daily	11 (17)	5 (11)	2 (17)	4 (44)
Unclear	3 (5)	2 (5)	1 (8)	0 (0)
Maximum duration of delirium assessment
3 days	13 (20)	11 (25)	2 (17)	0 (0)
4–6 days	9 (14)	6 (14)	1 (8)	2 (22)
7 days	9 (14)	7 (16)	1 (8)	1 (11)
8–14 days	6 (9)	2 (5)	4 (33)	0 (0)
28–30 days	9 (14)	2 (5)	3 (25)	4 (44)
To ICU discharge	8 (12)	7 (16)	0 (0)	1 (11)
To hospital discharge	5 (8)	4 (9)	1 (8)	0 (0)
Other	2 (3)	2 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Unclear	4 (6)	3 (7)	0 (0)	1 (11)
Delirium assessments terminated after ICU discharge^b	41 (63)	29 (66)	6 (50)	6 (67)

Values in the table are count (%)
Abbreviations: CAM Confusion Assessment Method, CAM-ICU Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit, DSI Delirium Symptom Interview, ICDSC Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist, NEECHAM Neelon-Champagne Confusion Scale, DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
^aThe primary delirium assessment instrument reported
^bAmong the 24 trials that continued delirium assessments after ICU discharge, delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) (21%, n=5), the CAM-ICU (42%, n=10), a combination of CAM and CAM-ICU (17%, n=4), NEECHAM (6%, n=2), DSM criteria (6%, n=2) or the Delirium Symptom Interview (3%, n=1)

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