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Table 1 SPIRIT flow diagram of the OPTIMUM trial study protocol

From: Evaluating the effectiveness and utility of a novel culturally-adapted telemonitoring system in improving the glycaemic control of Asians with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a mixed method study protocol

  1. t1, baseline assessment; t0, randomisation (month 0); t6, postintervention assessments (month 6); t12, follow up assessments (month 12); t24, follow-up assessments (month 24); tx, qualitative interviews
  2. 1. Demographics includes age, gender, ethnicity. Socioeconomic status includes housing type, employment status, marital status, living status (with children/domestic helper), household monthly income, citizenship and education level.
  3. 2. Only employment status will be collected. Other demographics and socioeconomic status will not be collected.
  4. 3. Medical history includes diagnosis of hypertension, years of being hypertensive, diagnosis of hyperlipidaemia, years of being hyperlipidaemic, diagnosis of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot complications, coronary arterial disease, hypoglycaemia, transient ischemic attack or stroke.
  5. 4. Years of being diabetic will be included in medical history.
  6. 5. Lifestyle survey includes smoking and alcoholic drinking habits and history.
  7. 6. Lipid panel includes LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides.
  8. 7. All these data will be collected from patients’ medical records 1 month before the recruitment, or within 1 month after the recruitment if the past data is unavailable.
  9. 8. History of flu and pneumonia vaccination.
  10. 9. Vital signs include systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, weight and height.
  11. 10. Oral diabetes medication compliance measured using the MARS 5 questionnaire and insulin compliance measured using MPR.
  12. 11. Well-being and confidence surveys include Michigan diabetes knowledge, self-care inventory, the international physical activity questionnaire (short) and EQ-5D-5L.
  13. 12. Diabetes distress survey using the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID).