Table 3 Assumptions for sample size calculation
Dual combination Guideline + incremental value of ARB in African patients | Triple combination quarter dose for 3 widely available drugs used | Control WHO standard of care starting with monotherapy | |
|---|---|---|---|
Literature | Reported response in 67% of Africans (response = diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg or 10% decrease [10, 52]) | Reported response in 83% of patients* (response = blood pressure < 135/85 mmHg [17]) | Reported response in 67% of patients in Nigeria (response = blood pressure < 149/90 mmHg [53]) |
Conservative effect estimation for higher target BP£ | 60% | 75% | 50% |
Conservative effect estimation for lower target BP$ | 40% | 55% | 40% |
Comparison with cited studies | Assumption of a smaller effect due to lower BP target | Effect might be lower (3 drugs instead of 4; no single pill) Effect might be higher as allowance to increase dosage | Effect might be lower due to lower target |