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Upper trapezius
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The halfway point between the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra and the acromion
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In a sitting position with abduction at 90°
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Middle trapezius
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The halfway point between the scapular medial border and the T3
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In a prone position with horizontal abduction at 90° and external rotation
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Lower trapezius
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At 2/3 on the line from the trigonum spinea to the T8
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In a prone position with horizontal abduction in 120° in line with the fibers of the muscle and the thumb pointing upward
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Serratus anterior
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In the mid-axillary line over the fifth rib
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In a sitting position with maximum resistance given to upward rotation of the scapula with the shoulder flexed
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Middle deltoid
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The halfway point of the acromion and the deltoid tuberosity
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In a sitting position with abduction at 90°
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