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Table 3 Changes in outcome measures (week 0 versus week 1, week 0 versus week 5) after treatment completion between patients who received AcuKT (n = 27) and those who received acupuncture (n = 29) for acute lateral ankle sprain

From: Add-on effect of kinesiotape in patients with acute lateral ankle sprain: a randomized controlled trial

Groups

Dependent variables

Week 0 (mean ± SD)

Week 1 (mean ± SD)

Week 5 (mean ± SD)

Difference (week 1 – week 0)

Z (P)a

Difference (week 5 – week 0)

Z (P)a

Chi-squared test (P)b

AcuKT group (n = 27)

Degree of edema

0.56 ± 0.64

0.26 ± 1.59

0.19 ± 0.43

−0.30 ± 0.54

−2.53 (0.011)

−0.36 ± 0.68

−2.43 (0.015)

4.87 (0.088)

VAS score of pain

4.11 ± 1.40

1.89 ± 1.44

0.97 ± 1.04

−2.21 ± 1.58

−4.42 (<0.001)

−3.14 ± 1.34

4.55 (<0.001)

44.83 (<0.001)

Total EQ-5D-5 L

9.41 ± 2.37

7.19 ± 1.94

6.04 ± 1.45

−2.22 ± 3.06

−3.29 (0.001)

− 3.37 ± 2.68

4.02 (<0.001)

30.42 (<0.001)

Total FAOS

322.11 ± 65.78

402.44 ± 65.785

439.65 ± 50.27

80.33 ± 62.74

−4.54 (<0.001)

117.54 ± 61.29

4.54 (<0.001)

45.66 (<0.001)

FAOS symptom/rigidity

68.01 ± 14.46

81.44 ± 12.16

89.01 ± 10.97

13.43 ± 12.82

−3.92 (<0.001)

21.00 ± 16.70

4.11 (<0.001)

28.95 (<0.001)

FAOS ache

69.39 ± 15.52

84.41 ± 11.75

91.92 ± 8.96

15.02 ± 13.59

−4.07 (<0.001)

22.53 ± 14.57

4.46 (<0.001)

41.16 (<0.001)

FAOS function everyday life

75.93 ± 14.75

90.03 ± 10.32

95.00 ± 6.71

14.09 ± 13.20

−4.14 (<0.001)

19.07 ± 13.90

4.36 (<0.001)

33.88 (<0.001)

FAOS features sports/leisure

50.56 ± 25.34

74.27 ± 17.24

84.43 ± 14.57

23.72 ± 20.09

−4.05 (<0.001)

33.87 ± 20.47

4.55 (<0.001)

41.57 (<0.001)

FAOS quality of life

58.22 ± 21.23

72.29 ± 23.30

79.28 ± 16.16

14.07 ± 22.22

−2.96 (0.003)

21.06 ± 21.43

3.94 (<0.001)

18.37 (<0.001)

Acupuncture group (n = 29)

Degree of edema

0.48 ± 0.78

0.24 ± 0.74

0.26 ± 0.57

−0.24 ± 0.64

−1.94 (0.052)

−0.22 ± 0.60

−1.31 (0.191)

5.48 (0.065)

VAS score of pain

4.79 ± 2.02

2.31 ± 1.86

1.58 ± 1.89

−2.47 ± 1.86

−4.53 (<0.001)

−3.21 ± 1.99

4.46 (<0.001)

39.41 (<0.001)

Total EQ-5D-5 L

9.90 ± 2.83

7.76 ± 2.32

7.00 ± 2.19

−2.14 ± 2.50

−4.00 (<0.001)

−2.90 ± 2.54

−4.22 (<0.001)

34.24 (<0.001)

Total FAOS

318.32 ± 76.72

385.00 ± 77.90

416.25 ± 74.24

66.67 ± 49.51

−4.33 (<0.001)

97.92 ± 73.06

−4.27 (<0.001)

31.74 (<0.001)

FAOS symptom/rigidity

69.91 ± 16.52

82.10 ± 13.94

86.30 ± 13.51

12.19 ± 12.38

−3.79 (<0.001)

16.39 ± 14.59

−4.13 (<0.001)

21.56 (<0.001)

FAOS ache

68.24 ± 17.18

80.90 ± 16.14

86.17 ± 16.33

12.66 ± 11.09

−4.20 (<0.001)

17.93 ± 15.55

−4.15 (<0.001)

26.26 (<0.001)

FAOS function everyday life

77.38 ± 16.17

87.06 ± 13.84

92.37 ± 10.98

9.68 11.05

−3.77 (<0.001)

14.99 ± 14.05

−4.43 (<0.001)

28.71 (<0.001)

FAOS features sports/leisure

52.17 ± 19.99

70.52 ± 20.63

79.66 ± 17.83

18.35 18.75

−3.88 (<0.001)

27.49 ± 22.91

−4.23 (<0.001)

30.14 (<0.001)

FAOS quality of life

50.63 ± 25.35

64.41 ± 24.78

71.76 ± 24.30

13.79 ± 21.42

−3.11 (<0.001)

21.13 ± 22.93

−3.80 (<0.001)

20.33 (<0.001)

  1. aWilcoxon signed-rank test; bRepeated-measures analysis of variance (Friedman test)
  2. AcuKT acupuncture combined with kinesiotape, EQ-5D-5 L European Quality of Life Five Dimension-Five Level Scale, FAOS Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, SD standard deviation, VAS visual analog scale