Table 3 Before intervention, after intervention, and follow-up QoL score among older adults (repeated measure analysis of variances)
Variable | Intervention (mean + SD) | Control (mean + SD) | F | p value | Effect size (partial eta-squared) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QoL (before) | 62.318 (14.972) | 67.546 (18.335) | 13.417 | < 0.001 | 0.324 |
QoL (after) | 70.775 (15.491) | 65.708 (17.962) | |||
QoL (follow-up) | 71.171 (16.234) | 65.577 (18.231) | |||
RE (before) | 56.057 (36.203) | 61.535 (36.138) | 4.007 | 0.021 | 0.117 |
RE (after) | 77.270 (33.153) | 58.971 (34.394) | |||
RE (follow-up) | 78.786 (31.783) | 60.253 (32.687) | |||
E/F (before) | 61.363 (12.457) | 63.846 (17.047) | 0.076 | 0.927 | 0.004 |
E/F (after) | 63.318 (15.655) | 64.230 (16.834) | |||
E/F (follow-up) | 61.363 (15.132) | 62.480 (23.488) | |||
EW (before) | 70.727 (12.306) | 69.192 (19.312) | 0.035 | 0.966 | 0.002 |
EW (after) | 71.454 (16.621) | 68.769 (16.895) | |||
EW (follow-up) | 71.181 (13.810) | 68.692 (18.196) | |||
SF (before) | 73.863 (25.851) | 80.288 (18.087) | 2.423 | 0.044 | 0.095 |
SF (after) | 82.288 (22.380) | 74.038 (23.163) | |||
SF (follow-up) | 84.659 (15.397) | 79.326 (24.223) | |||
P (before) | 58.590 (28.254) | 65.942 (25.374) | 0.581 | 0.561 | 0.026 |
P (after) | 63.636 (24.540) | 62.980 (29.664) | |||
P (follow-up) | 69.772 (19.592) | 69.711 (31.775) | |||
PF (before) | 70.681 (20.947) | 77.970 (18.197) | 1.558 | 0.219 | 0.059 |
PF (after) | 74.772 (21.071) | 77.393 (17.645) | |||
PF (follow-up) | 73.409 (25.042) | 71.645 (22.991) | |||
RP (before) | 45.075 (36.429) | 68.269 32.831 | 10.749 | < 0.001 | 0.264 |
RP (after) | 79.545 (31.468) | 60.192 (35.650) | |||
RP (follow-up) | 76.136 (34.912) | 56.512 (41.328) | |||
GH (before) | 51.318 (15.465) | 55.192 (18.026) | 0.905 | 0.394 | 0.032 |
GH (after) | 57.318 (11.917) | 56.923 (16.617) | |||
GH (follow-up) | 57.215 (13.012) | 55.961 (14.630) |