- *Due to the adaptive nature of the design, the initial interventions (year 1) are fixed; however, the subsequent interventions depend on the outcomes from initial interventions, i.e., effective interventions will be continued; otherwise, other interventions will be introduced. Black color represents definite interventions, and red color represents all possible interventions depend on outcomes from previous stage of interventions. LLIN long-lasting insecticidal net, PBO LLIN piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN, IRS indoor residual spraying, LSM larval source management
- **Enhanced method: the most cost-effective method determined by machine learning based on outcomes from previous interventions