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Table 1 Main components of YinQiSanHuang-antiviral decoction

From: Efficacy and safety of YinQiSanHuang-antiviral decoction in chronic hepatitis B: study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial

Chinese name

Latin name

English name

Pharmacological action

Main active ingredient

Original producing area

Medicinal part

Dosage (g)

Huang Qi

Astragalus propinquus Schischkin

Radix Astragali

Promotes liver cell growth, anti-liver fibrosis, antiviral, regulates immunity

Astragaloside (I,V, III), calycosin

Neimenggu, China

Rhizome

12

Yin Chen

Artemisia capillaris Thunb.

Virgate wormwood herb, capillary wormwood herb

Lowers blood lipids to treat fatty liver, reduces alcoholic liver damage, inhibits the replication of hepatitis B virus DNA

Capillin, capillene, capillanol, capillarisin, 6, 7-dimethylsculetin

Shanxi, China

Aboveground part of the plant

12

Huang Qin

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

Baical skullcap root

Anti-hepatocyte inflammation, anti-hepatocyte apoptosis, anti-hepatocyte mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, regulates immunity

Baicalein, neobaicalein, skullcap flavone II, baicalin, wogonin

Hebei, China

Rhizome

3

Huang Lian

Coptis chinensis Franch.

Coptis root

Anti-hepatocyte mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, inhibits hepatoma cell proliferation, prevents liver fibrosis

Berberine, coptisine, epiberberine, berberrubine, palmatine

Sichuan, China

Tuber root

3

Huang Bai

Platycladus orientalis (Linn.) Franco

Bark of Chinese corktree

Inhibits immune response, selectively inhibits HBAg, anti-inflammatory

Berberine, phellodendrine, magnoflorine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine

Sichuan, China

Dry bark

3

E Zhu

Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. [C. zedoaria Rosc.]

Rhizome curcumae

Inhibits hepatoma cell proliferation, induces apoptosis of liver cancer cells, anti-liver fibrosis

Volatile oil (turmerone, borneol, curcumol), curcumene, curdione, turmeric

Guangxi, China

Tuber root

6

Bie Jia

Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann)

Turtle shell

Anti-liver fibrosis, promotes immunity, anti-hepatocyte injury

Collagen, Trionyx sinesis polysaccharides, amino acids (aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid), calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate

Hubei, China

Carapace

3

Jiao Shan Zha

Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge var. major N.E. Br.

Hawthorn fruit

Lowers cholesterol, anti-bacterial, anti-hypertensive

Epicatechin, quercetin, hyperoside, chlorogenic acid, anthocyanin, ursolic acid

Shandong, China

Fruit

15

Bai Shao

Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Radix paeoniae alba

Anti-hepatocyte injury, anti-liver fibrosis, anti-fatty liver

Paeoniflorin, oxy-paeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, albiflorin, paeoniflorigenone

Anhui, China

Rhizome

12

Ling Xiao Hua

Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K. Schum.

Trumpet creeper flower

Anti-oxidation, inhibits thrombosis, anti-inflammatory

Apigenin, β-sitosterol

Jiangsu, China

Flower

6

Bai Zhu

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.

Largehead atractylodes rhizome

Inhibits liver cancer cell metastasis, promotes cellular immune function, inhibits the activating of metabolic enzymes

Volatile oil (humulene, β-elemol, α-curcumene, α-atractylone, 3β-acetoxyatractylone), sesquiterpene lactone compounds (atractylenolide, 8β-ethoxyatractylenolide-II), polyacetylene(14-acetyl-12-senecioyl-2E,8Z,10E-atracetylentriol)

Zhejiang, China

Tuber root

9

Fu Ling

Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf.

Tuckahoe

Enhances cellular and humoral immunity, inhibits the DNA synthesis of tumor cells, inhibits hepatocyte necrosis, anti-tumor

Pachymic acid, tumulosic acid, pachymic acid methyl ester, pachy-man, pachymaran

Yunnan, China

Dry sclerotia

9

Chai Hu

Bupleurum chinense DC.

Red thorowax root

Anti-liver fibrosis, inhibits acute liver injury, inhibits proliferation of liver cancer cells, promotes apoptosis of liver cancer cells, anti-liver injury

Volatile oil (pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, 2-heptenoic acid)

Hebei, China

Rhizome

6

Bai Hua She She Cao

Hedyotis diffusa Willd.

Spreading hedyotis herb

Enhances hepatocyte immunogenicity, anti-tumor, inhibits proliferation of liver cancer cells, promotes apoptosis of liver cancer cells

Asperuloside, asperulosidic acid, deacetylasperulosidicacid, geniposidic acid, scandoside

Guangxi, China

Whole plant

12