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Fig. 2 | Trials

Fig. 2

From: Food 4 Health - He Oranga Kai: Assessing the efficacy, acceptability and economic implications of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and β-glucan to improve glycated haemoglobin, metabolic health, and general well-being in adults with pre-diabetes: study protocol for a 2 × 2 factorial design, parallel group, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial, with embedded qualitative study and economic analysis

Fig. 2

Study timeline and procedures. a Washout period of 1 month if subject has used probiotic supplements, systemic antibiotics, or short-term systemic steroids prior to enrolment. b Discussions/contacts to maintain adherence and study participation. c Shortened version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21) and Short-form health survey version 2 for New Zealand/Australia (SF-36). d Stanford Leisure-Time activity categorical Item (L-Cat 2.2). e Weight, height (and body mass index), blood pressure. f Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids and additional bloods bio-banked for mechanistic studies. g Faecal samples to enable examination of possible mechanistic effects of study interventions

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