Fig. 1From: Hybrid thoracoscopic surgical and transvenous catheter ablation versus transvenous catheter ablation in persistent and longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (HARTCAP-AF): study protocol for a randomized trialBox lesion in the setting of catheter ablation. Carto image showing a view of the posterior wall of the left atrium after wide area circumferential ablation of the pulmonary veins, and a connecting roof and inferior line (pink and red dots)Back to article page