Characteristics | Art therapy (n = 22) | Music reminiscence activities (n = 24) | Control (n = 22) |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 71.1 (4.8) | 71.6 (5.3) | 70.6 (5.8) |
Female, n (%) | 18 (81.8) | 20 (83.3) | 18 (81.8) |
Living with partner, n (%) | 14 (63.6) | 15 (62.5) | 20 (90.9) |
Education years, mean (SD) | 5.2 (4.1) | 5.0 (3.3) | 6.1 (3.4) |
Working, n (%) | 4 (18.2) | 2 (8.3) | 9 (40.9) |
Body mass index, mean (SD) | 24.9 (3.6) | 23.5 (3.8) | 22.8 (3.9) |
Medical condition, n (%) | |||
High blood pressure | 14 (63.6) | 18 (75.0) | 6 (27.3) |
High cholesterol | 11 (50.0) | 15 (62.5) | 7 (31.8) |
Diabetes mellitus | 2 (9.1) | 8 (33.3) | 5 (22.7) |
Others | 2 (9.1) | 3 (12.5) | 3 (13.6) |
Neurocognitive domain z-score, mean (SD) | |||
RAVLT List Learning Sum | 0.04 (1.35) | 0.01 (1.26) | −0.01 (1.26) |
RAVLT Delayed Recall | −0.05 (0.98) | − 0.01 (1.10) | 0.05 (0.87) |
RAVLT Recognition Trial | −0.05 (1.28) | 0.26 (1.10) | 0.14 (0.91) |
Mean of memory domains (RAVLT subsets) | −0.02 (0.97) | 0.09 (0.95) | 0.06 (0.79) |
WAIS-III Block Design | −0.74 (1.16) | −0.93 (1.04) | − 0.47 (0.85) |
WAIS-III Digit Span (Forward) | 1.33 (1.59) | 1.79 (1.65) | 2.15 (1.77) |
Color Trails 2 | −0.55 (1.38) | −1.15 (1.46) | −0.82 (1.91) |
Mean of all domains | −0.00 (0.42) | −0.01 (0.59) | 0.17 (0.56) |
Number of domains with z-score < − 1.5, mean (SD) | 1.41 (0.80) | 1.71 (0.81) | 1.14 (0.35) |
GAI total score, mean (SD) | 2.0 (3.9) | 2.1 (4.0) | 2.8 (4.1) |
GAD total score, mean (SD) | 2.5 (2.9) | 1.8 (2.2) | 2.8 (2.9) |
Sleep quality VAS, mean (SD) | 67.0 (26.1) | 68.4 (19.8) | 69.8 (16.5) |