Village
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- Within ring roads of each city (stratum)
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- Area < 0.125 km2
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- Populated residential areas
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- Number of houses < 100
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- Population < 300
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- Coverage of residential area 70–80% (scattered housing)
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- Non-residential areas, e.g., agricultural fields, airports, industrial areas, commercial areas, (e.g., shopping malls), government offices, lakes, army camps, hospitals, and schools
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Cluster
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- All points of the cluster are at least 100 m from the nearest point of the village border
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Household
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- Households that are permanently inhabited
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- Apartment buildings
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- Abandoned houses
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- Households that are built or re-populated during the study period
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- Non-permanent households
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Individual
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- Individuals in households where household head has signed informed consent for household to participate in project
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- A travel history outside the village during the previous 7 days
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- Self-reported fever within the last 7 days
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- Chronic disease, such as HIV/AIDS, or other health condition that preclude participation in the study
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- Age ≥ 1 year old
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- Apparent inability to give informed consent, e.g., due to mental disability
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