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Table 2 Outcomes at one month, intention-to-treat analysis (n = 57).

From: Randomized controlled pilot study of an educational video plus telecare for the early outpatient management of musculoskeletal pain among older emergency department patients

Outcome

Usual care (n = 17)

Video only (n = 19)

Video + telecare (n = 21)

Pain

 Baseline pain (SD)a

7.3 (2.3)

7.1 (2.7)

7.5 (2.0)

 1-month pain (SD)b

5.8 (2.8)

4.9 (3.5)

4.5 (2.9)

 Change in pain (SD)c

−1.3 (2.9)

−2.4 (3.2)

−3.0 (2.6)

 Clinically significant decrease in pain, n (%)d

12 (71)

14 (74)

18 (86)

Physical functione

 Walking ability (SD)

0.9 (1.1)

1.4 (1.7)

1.4 (1.7)

 Climbing ability (SD)

0.9 (1.1)

1.4 (1.6)

1.7 (1.5)

 Carrying ability (SD)

1.1 (1.4)

1.4 (1.3)

2.1 (1.7)

 Summary score of physical function (SD)

2.8 (2.8)

4.3 (4.0)

5.2 (3.9)

Total hours of sleep (SD)

5.8 (1.9)

6.0 (1.6)

6.0 (2.1)

Return to ED within 1 month, n (%)

2 (12)

3 (16)

2 (10)

PCP visit within 1 month, n (%)

12 (71)

11 (58)

16 (77)

Medication side effects, n (%)

12 (71)

9 (47)

8 (38)

New opioid prescribed after ED, n (%)

4 (24)

0 (0)

1 (5)

  1. CI confidence interval, ED emergency department, PCP primary care provider
  2. aDetermined using 0–10 numerical rating scale to answer the question “Since your pain began, on average how intense has this pain been on a scale of 0–10, where 0 means no pain and 10 means pain as severe as it could possibly be?”
  3. bDetermined using 0–10 numerical rating scale to answer the question “What is the average amount of pain you have experienced over the last week on a scale of 0–10, where 0 means no pain and 10 means pain as severe as it could possibly be?”
  4. cAdjusted for age, gender, and baseline pain severity. Unadjusted values for the three arms are −1.5, 2.2, and 3.0.
  5. dDefined as a 1 point or more decrease in pain
  6. eN = 53. Determined using a score from 0 to 12 using six self-reported questions about ability to walk, climb stairs, and lift things