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Table 1 Definition and assessment of key secondary endpoints

From: Intravenous versus epidural analgesia to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal complications after elective pancreatoduodenectomy (the PAKMAN trial, DRKS 00007784): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Secondary endpoint

Definition

Assessment

Pneumonia

Presence of new infiltrate on chest x-ray OR CT scan

Yes/no (severity according to Clavien-Dindo classification)

Mortality

Death before POD 30 during hospital stay as well as after discharge

Yes/no, cause of death, and date of death

Hospital stay

Days from day of initial operation to day of hospital discharge

Days of inpatient treatment

Fluids given intraoperatively

Amount of fluids given intraoperatively

Crystalloid fluids in milliliters

Colloidal fluids in milliliters

Vasopressor therapy intraoperatively

Amount of vasopressor during operation

Type of vasopressor, amount in milligrams

Fluids given postoperatively

Amount of fluids given postoperatively until POD 4 or death

Crystalloid fluids in milliliters, colloidal fluids in milliliters

Vasopressor therapy postoperatively

Amount of vasopressor after operation until POD 4 or death

Type of vasopressor, amount in milligrams

Weight over time/weight changes

Patient’s weight on day of screening, POD 2, and POD 4

Weight in kilograms

Re-operation

Reoperation up to POD 30 or death

Date and cause of every reoperation

Postoperative pain

Pain level on POD 2 and 4 during movement and at rest (NRS)

NRS

  1. NRS numeric rating scale, POD postoperative day