Table 4 Estimated marginal means, percentages, sample sizes, standard deviations and p values for secondary outcomes

Variable

% or mean

SD

n

% or mean

SD

n

p

d (odds ratio)

% or mean

SD

n

% or mean

SD

n

P

d (odds ratio)

 Portions per day

3.63

1.84

691

3.84

1.95

595

0.041

0.11

 Metabolic equivalent of task

3501.75

2348.35

690

3515.20

2348.97

579

0.919

0.01

 Units in the last 7 days

12.06

12.01

682

11.45

11.78

578

0.364

0.05

 Number of days binge drinking in previous 7 days (drinkers only)

1.02

0.90

508

0.98

1.03

421

0.547

0.004

0.99

0.95

564

0.97

0.87

473

0.674

0.02

 Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test

9.32

4.94

504

9.40

4.90

416

0.809

−0.02

 Biochemical marker of alcohol consumption (fatty acid ethyl esters)

7.29

7.85

70

5.00

4.33

63

0.038

0.35

 Has smoked

51.90

–

684

52.50

–

581

0.876

(1.01)

54.72

–

795

53.57

–

685

0.933

(0.96)

 Smoked since attending university

27.34

–

684

26.16

–

581

0.723

−0.02 (0.97)

37.16

–

783

30.70

–

671

0.016

0.11 (0.81)

 Current smoker

11.84

–

684

11.36

–

581

0.390

−0.03 (0.96)

 Cigarettes smoked per week (smokers only)

16.21

20.11

81

17.02

25.87

66

0.832

−0.04

19.87

28.19

74

18.30

21.75

46

0.749

0.06

 Smoking marker (cotinine)

1.02

6.40

70

0.38

1.49

63

0.460

0.13

 Smoking marker (nicotine)

2.52

11.94

70

2.91

17.96

63

0.867

0.03

 Health index scores from EQ-5D-3 L (visual analogue scale)

0.92

0.26

663

0.91

0.24

559

0.907

−0.04

0.91

0.28

810

0.90

0.26

702

0.262

−0.04

 Health index scores from EQ-5D-3 L (time trade off)

0.93

0.26

663

0.93

0.24

559

0.873

0.00

0.93

0.28

810

0.92

0.26

702

0.208

−0.04

 EQ-5D-3 L visual analogue scale

78.61

13.97

669

79.47

14.07

569

0.285

0.06

79.16

12.98

763

78.98

13.07

657

0.791

−0.01

 Have taken recreational drugs (single sample count method)

4.84

8.83

708

4.00

9.61

608

0.450

0.11

23.18

11.18

586

21.78

12.00

493

0.556

0.04

 Have taken recreational drugs (biochemical marker)

55.71

-

70

52.38

–

63

0.717

(0.88)

 Self-report

21.63

1.70

591

21.52

1.77

491

0.302

0.06

22.00

2.38

698

21.84

2.44

596

0.231

0.07

 Objective

21.79

2.54

70

22.43

3.49

63

0.255

−0.20

 Times visited general practitioner in previous 6 months

1.48

2.31

532

1.48

0.11

449

0.973

0.00

 General practitioner offered alcohol intervention

1.90

–

9

0.80

-

3

0.156

0.36

 No alcohol intervention offered

98.1

–

463

99.2

-

394

(1.92)

 Attended alcohol intervention

66.7

–

2

0.00

-

0

0.889

–

 Did not attend alcohol intervention

33.3

–

4

100

-

2

–

 Times visited accident and emergency department

0.13

0.46

532

0.11

0.42

446

0.439

0.05

 Times admitted to accident and emergency department

0.15

0.38

57

0.08

0.32

42

0.319

0.20

 Times required an ambulance

0.04

0.45

503

0.05

0.42

435

0.683

−0.02

 Times admitted to hospital

0.05

0.23

525

0.05

0.21

444

0.828

0.00

 Elective admissions to hospital

0.95

0.69

21

0.84

0.68

18

0.637

0.16

 Non-elective admissions to hospital

0.36

1.88

210

0.37

0.62

17

0.964

−0.01

 Other times visited hospital (not including above)

0.34

0.91

523

0.32

1.05

439

0.877

0.02

 Affective attitude

5.96

1.28

658

5.94

1.18

560

0.823

−0.02

6.03

1.17

545

6.07

1.28

454

0.607

0.03

 Cognitive attitude

6.78

0.77

656

6.75

0.71

559

0.380

−0.04

6.82

0.70

543

6.77

0.64

454

0.212

−0.07

 Subjective norm

6.14

1.28

658

6.13

1.18

559

0.885

−0.01

6.26

1.17

545

6.21

1.07

455

0.495

−0.04

 Descriptive norm

2.67

1.28

659

2.63

1.18

561

0.557

−0.03

2.72

1.17

545

2.69

1.28

455

0.644

−0.02

 Self-efficacy

5.63

1.54

658

5.50

1.66

561

0.170

−0.08

5.83

1.40

545

5.57

1.49

456

0.005

−0.18

 Perceived control

5.43

1.54

659

5.42

1.66

560

0.953

−0.01

5.63

1.63

544

5.56

1.49

456

0.479

−0.04

 Intention

4.68

1.79

657

4.79

1.65

558

0.235

0.06

4.93

1.63

540

4.96

1.71

455

0.843

0.02

 Planning

5.00

1.79

657

4.93

1.66

560

0.564

−0.04

5.14

1.63

544

5.14

1.71

455

0.998

0.00

 Affective attitude

5.65

1.54

659

5.61

1.66

560

0.680

−0.03

5.73

1.40

545

5.76

1.49

454

0.742

0.02

 Cognitive attitude

6.80

0.77

658

6.77

0.71

561

0.539

−0.04

6.84

0.70

544

6.77

0.64

454

0.105

−0.10

 Subjective norm

6.07

1.28

659

6.09

1.18

560

0.821

0.02

6.20

1.17

545

6.21

1.07

455

0.894

0.01

 Descriptive norm

3.68

1.28

659

3.78

1.42

561

0.202

0.07

3.86

1.40

544

3.83

1.28

454

0.706

−0.02

 Self-efficacy

5.68

1.54

658

5.57

1.42

561

0.198

−0.07

5.88

1.40

545

5.71

1.49

456

0.049

−0.12

 Perceived control

5.60

1.54

658

5.59

1.66

561

0.886

−0.01

5.73

1.63

545

5.65

1.49

455

0.441

−0.05

 Intention

5.34

1.80

660

5.43

1.66

560

0.364

0.05

5.32

1.87

545

5.47

1.71

455

0.158

0.08

 Planning

4.98

1.80

658

5.00

1.89

560

0.902

0.01

5.22

1.87

544

5.19

1.71

455

0.788

−0.02

 Affective attitude

3.17

1.80

659

3.08

1.89

560

0.379

0.05

3.02

1.87

545

3.03

1.71

455

0.944

−0.01

 Cognitive attitude

1.82

1.03

658

1.68

0.95

561

0.019

0.14

1.68

0.93

543

1.68

1.07

454

0.998

0.00

 Subjective norm

2.43

1.54

659

2.33

1.42

560

0.275

0.07

2.36

1.40

543

2.40

1.49

455

0.694

−0.03

 Descriptive norm

5.63

1.28

659

5.60

1.42

561

0.616

0.02

5.57

1.17

545

5.71

1.28

455

0.071

−0.11

 Self-efficacy

6.13

1.28

658

6.16

1.42

561

0.783

−0.02

6.20

1.40

545

6.15

1.28

456

0.574

0.04

 Perceived control

5.68

1.80

659

5.76

1.66

561

0.400

−0.05

5.82

1.63

543

5.89

1.71

455

0.461

−0.04

 Intention

3.38

1.80

658

3.24

1.89

558

0.210

0.08

3.28

1.86

543

3.19

1.92

455

0.434

0.05

 Planning

4.87

2.05

657

4.79

2.13

560

0.478

−0.04

4.99

2.10

543

4.84

2.13

455

0.244

−0.07

 Affective attitude

1.55

1.28

658

1.54

1.18

560

0.940

0.01

1.32

0.70

537

1.35

0.69

525

0.491

−0.04

 Cognitive attitude

1.27

0.77

658

1.26

0.71

559

0.648

0.01

1.59

1.17

545

1.53

1.28

455

0.398

0.05

 Subjective norm

1.31

0.77

658

1.30

0.71

559

0.854

0.01

1.35

0.93

545

1.35

0.85

455

0.940

0.00

 Descriptive norm

4.01

1.54

658

3.98

1.42

561

0.709

0.02

4.04

1.40

545

4.16

1.49

455

0.169

−0.08

 Self-efficacy

6.53

2.05

658

6.52

1.18

561

0.899

0.01

6.48

1.17

545

6.55

1.28

456

0.384

−0.06

 Perceived control

5.46

2.05

659

5.33

1.89

561

0.272

0.07

5.52

1.86

543

5.54

1.92

454

0.864

−0.01

 Intention

1.56

1.28

658

1.58

1.42

558

0.826

−0.01

1.67

1.40

545

1.59

1.28

455

0.322

0.06

 Planning

5.86

2.05

658

5.79

1.89

560

0.524

−0.04

5.81

1.86

542

5.69

1.92

454

0.342

−0.06