Fig. 1

A flow diagram of the procedure of this clinical trial. After confirming eligibility and written consent, 114 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were randomly selected from a patient list and randomly assigned into one of the two study arms (motivational interviewing-based adherence therapy or treatment as usual) after completing the baseline measurements. Fifty-four participants in the adherence therapy and 56 in the treatment-as-usual group completed one to three post-tests over a six-month follow-up period, and finally included in the data analyses. Only four participants dropped out during the study period. AT, Adherence Therapy; CPNS, Community Psychiatric Nursing Service; ITAQ, Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SLOF, Specific Level of Functioning Scale; TAU, Treatment as usual