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Table 1 Clinical parameters and postoperative complications for analysis a

From: DRAPA trial – closed-suction drains versus closed gravity drains in pancreatic surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Parameters

Definitions

Hospital stay

Days from initial operation to hospital discharge plus any readmission within 30 days

Operating time

Time from skin incision to wound closure (minutes)

Delayed gastric emptying

Failure to resume solid diet with prolonged need for nasogastric tube as defined by ISGPS [40]

Biliary leak

Bilirubin concentration in the drain fluid at least three times the serum bilirubin concentration as defined by ISGLS [38]

Postoperative haemorrhage

Evidence of blood loss from drains and/or nasogastric tube, based on ultrasonography, as defined by ISGPS [41]

Intraabdominal fluid collection

Collection of fluid measuring ≥3 cm associated with clinical or laboratory abnormalities

Symptomatic fluidothorax

Fluid in the pleural cavity associated with respiratory distress or a need to evacuate the fluid

Abdominal rupture

Dehiscence of abdominal closure with need for resuture of the laparotomy during the initial hospital stay

Myocardial infarction

Increase of serum concentration of CK-MB and troponin and/or the following ECG changes: new Q waves ≥0.04 in duration, new persistent ST elevation and/or depression

Pneumonia

Presence of a new infiltrate on chest X-ray, as well as the following: body temperature >38°C, abnormal elevation of WBC, or positive sputum, and requiring antibiotic treatment

Acute renal failure

Serum creatinine >3.0 mg/dl and/or need for dialysis

Wound infection

Surgical site infection associated with laparotomy that develops during the initial hospital stay

Urinary tract infection

Culture-positive urine, pyuria or bacteriuria on urinalysis requiring antibiotic treatment

  1. aCK-MB, Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme; ECG, Electrocardiogram; ISGLS, International Study Group of Liver Surgery; ISGPS, International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery; WBC, White blood cells.