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Table 1 Patient inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: The PREEMPT study - evaluating smartphone-assisted n-of-1 trials in patients with chronic pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Experienced musculoskeletal pain for 6 weeks or longer

Currently pregnant or breastfeeding

Between 18 and 75 years old

Received surgery, radiation or chemotherapy treatment for cancer in the past 5 years

Android or iOS smartphone or tablet with a data plan and/or connected to a home WiFi network

Patient has a medical condition/s that would limit the patient life expectancy to < 2 years or imperil patient safety

A score of 4 or greater for at least one question of the PEG pain scale [31]

Dementia, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or active suicidality

Based on clinician judgment the patient is amenable to treatment with acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, short-acting opioids, tramadol, a complementary/alternative treatment such as massage or meditation, or a combination of these treatments

Evidence of alcohol or prescription drug abuse, or have a history of disruptive behavior

Ability to speak and read English

Failed five or more analgesic medications because of lack of effectiveness or poor tolerance