Genetics University of Toronto Thrombophilia Study in Women (GUTTSI): genetic and other risk factors for venous thromboembolism in women

Table 1 Characteristics of 129 women with VTE and age-matched control individuals

	Women who	Women who did not	Statistical comparison
	experienced VTE	experience VTE	between cases
Characteristic	(129 cases)	(129 controls)	and controls
Mean (SD) age (years)	45.8 (17.5)	40.9 (17.8)	P = 0.03
Number (percentage) with deep vein thrombosis of the leg	88 (68.2)	-	-
Number (percentage) with deep vein thrombosis at another site	17 (13.2)	-	-
Number (%) with pulmonary embolism^*	32 (24.8)	-	-
Number (%) with recurrent VTE	33 (25.6)	-	-
Number (%) with other thrombophilia defects^†	9 (7.0)	-	-
Number (%) with immobilization or surgery within 3 months	23 (17.8)	-	-
Number (%) with malignancy within 5 years	31 (24.0)	8 (6.2)	P = 0.0001
Number (%) with oestrogen exposure state^‡	44 (34.1)	43 (33.3)	P = 0.9
Number (%) current cigarette smokers	17 (13.2)	30 (23.2)	P = 0.2
Mean (SD) fasting plasma total homocysteine (μmol/l)	11.1 (5.6)	6.5 (3.0)	P = 0.0001
Mean (SD) red-cell folate (nmol/l)^$	1121.3 (566.1)	981.9 (452.6)	P = 0.05
Mean (SD) serum creatinine (μmol/l)^$	82.2 (62.8)	69.2 (10.3)	P = 0.03

^*Describes individuals who either experienced pulmonary embolism in isolation or in combination with a deep vein thrombosis. ^†Includes either a positive test for antiphospholipid antibodies, the lupus anticoagulant, or a deficiency in protein C, protein S or antithrombin. ^‡Defined as current use of an oral contraceptive agent, hormone replacement therapy or tamoxifen, or currently pregnant or within 6 weeks postpartum. ^$Complete data for serum creatinine and red-cell folate concentrations were only available for 80 case-control pairs. -, Data not applicable.

ISSN: 1745-6215