General anaesthesia | Local anaesthesia |
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Premedication: benzodiazepine or none | Premedication: benzodiazepine or none |
Intravenous access + arterial line under local anaesthetic | Intravenous access + arterial line under local anaesthetic |
Intravenous induction + opiate analgesia | Judicious conscious sedation (e.g. benzodiazepine/opiate) |
Muscle relaxant | Deep and superficial cervical plexus block + local infiltration (e.g. with bupivacaine) |
Tracheal intubation, ventilation to normocapnia | Intra-operative top-up of local anaesthetic if required (lignocaine) |
Maintain systemic blood pressure to pre-operative levels with intravenous fluids/cardioactive drugs if required | Maintain systemic blood pressures to pre-operative levels with intravenous fluids/cardioactive drugs if required |
Reversal of anaesthetic and extubation | O2 as necessary by nasal cannulae/mask, in particular during cross-clamping of carotid vessels |
Oxygen overnight by nasal cannulae/mask | Â |