• Patients on long term dialysis treatment (>12 months) with sHPT
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• Primary or Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation)
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• PTH ≥ tenfold above upper normal value
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• Familial hyperparathyroidism(MEN I, MEN II, hereditary hyperparathyroidism)
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• Age equal or greater 18 years
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• History of neck explorations for thyroid/parathyroid disorders
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• Informed consent
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• Malignant disease of the thyroid glands
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• Bleeding disorder/coagulopathy
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• Severe psychiatric or neurologic disease
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• Drug- and/or alcohol-abuse
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• Participation in another intervention-trial with interference of intervention and outcome
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• Inability to follow the instructions given by the investigator (e.g. insufficient command of language)
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