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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of survey respondents by level of interest

From: Characteristics associated with willingness to participate in a randomized controlled behavioral clinical trial using home-based personal computers and a webcam

Covariates (range)

No interest group n = 534

Interest without commitment group n = 66

Commitment without interest group n = 74

Commitment with interest group n = 309

Difference among groups ( P-values)*

Age group

    

<0.0001

62–74 (%)

15.1%

23.1%

23.1%

29.3%

75–84 (%)

37.8%

38.5%

50.0%

36.7%

85 and above (%)

47.2%

38.5%

26.9%

34.0%

Female (%)

72.0%

66.2%

74.0%

69.8%

0.63

Married (%)

61.9%

62.8%

59.0%

55.1%

0.21

Years of education (2–32)

15.5 (3.0)

16.4 (3.3)

16.1 (3.1)

15.8 (2.9)

0.03

Social activity index (0–27)a

17.0 (5.7)

17.7 (5.7)

17.8 (5.5)

17.4 (5.5)

0.42

Cognitive activity index (0–45)a

23.7 (8.9)

25.2 (10.0)

25.5 (8.9)

26.0 (7.9)

0.001

Physical activity index (0–64)a

9.3 (6.4)

9.5 (6.2)

12.3 (7.7)

11.2 (7.1)

<0.0001

Loneliness scale (3-9)b

3.9 (1.3)

4.0 (1.4)

4.0 (1.4)

4.1 (1.6)

0.14

Self-rated health (% poor versus others)

2.7%

1.3%

2.6%

4.2%

0.45

Personal computer usagec (% yes)

63.0%

82.4%

74.7%

85.1%

<0.0001

  1. *Pearson chi-square test for categorical variables and t test or Wilcoxon ranked sum test for continuous variables.
  2. aComposite scores were created by summing the self-reported frequencies: 1, never; 2, less than once a year; 3, once or twice a year; 4, several times a year; 5, about once a month; 6, every week; 7, several times a week; for various cognitive, social and physical activities.
  3. bThree-item scale developed by Hughes and colleagues [7]. Questions were phrased as: 1, how often do you feel that you lack companionship?; 2, how often do you feel left out?; 3, how often do you feel isolated from others? Composite scores were calculated by taking the sum of frequency scores: 1, hardly ever; 2, some of the time; and 3, often.
  4. c“Do you use a personal computer?” (Yes/No).