Inclusion criteria: | Exclusion criteria: |
---|---|
a) Verified diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease | a) Resting heart rate ≤50 or ≥100 beats/minute |
b) Mini-Mental State Examination score 15 to 26 | b) Neurologic disorders (for example, non-Alzheimer’s dementia or head trauma) |
c) Clinical Dementia Rating scale score 0.5 to 2 | c) Psychiatric disorders (for example, bipolar, schizophrenia, or major depression) |
d) Community-dwelling | d) Alcohol or chemical dependency |
e) Age 66 years and older | e) Contraindications to exercise |
f) English-speaking | f) If volunteered for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, abnormal imaging findings |
g) Verified exercise safety | g) New symptoms or diseases (for example, chest pain, thrombosis) that have not been evaluated by the primary care provider |
h) If on Alzheimer’s drugs, stable on drugs more than one month | h) Abnormal findings from the symptom-limited cycle-ergometer test (for example, cardiac ischemia or arrhythmia, inability to cycle) |