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Table 1 Vitamin D effects on substances involved in lumbar disc herniation

From: Role of vitamin D3 in Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation—Pain and Sensory Aspects: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Vitamin D actions [references]

LDH [references]

IFN-γ: D [46, 65, 72, 88, 94, 144]

E [160, 171, 179, 180]

IL-1: D [46, 65, 72]

E [173, 225227]

IL-2: D [46, 65, 72, 88, 92, 94, 139]

 

IL-4: D [46]

E [179]

IL-5: D [67]

 

IL-6: D [32, 46, 72, 92, 94, 136, 141]

E [165, 176, 181, 228230]

IL-8

E [164, 225, 231]

IL-10: U [32, 47, 67, 74, 90, 94, 96, 144, 226, 227]

 

IL-12: D [22, 32, 67, 139, 140]

E [181, 182]

IL-17: D [47, 90]

E [181]

MCP: I [129]

E [164, 175]

MMP: I [232240]

E [176, 190, 228, 241243]

ROS: I [98, 101, 102, 106, 238]

E [244]

NO: I [245]

E [126, 148, 176, 190, 228, 246249]

Glutamate: I [101, 147]

E [220, 221]

Glutathione: I [96, 106, 148]

 

PG: I [250]

E [176, 190, 228, 243, 251, 252]

  1. D, Downregulation; E, Expression; I, Inhibition; IFN-γ, Interferon γ; IL, Interleukin; LDH, Lumbar disc herniation; MCP, Monocyte chemoattractant protein; MMP, Matrix metalloproteinase; NO, Nitric oxide; PG, Prostaglandin; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; U, Upregulation.