Table 2 Exclusion criteria a
Exclusion criteria | Rationales | Sources |
|---|---|---|
Patient claims visit was not for low back pain | Study restricted to low back pain | TI |
Low back pain has lasted <3 months | Low back pain not chronic | TI |
Self-rated bothersomeness of pain rating of <4 (on 0 to 10 scale) and pain interference with activities rating <3 (on 0 to 10 scale) during previous week | Back pain too mild to detect improvement | TI |
Abdominal aneurysm | Back pain due to or possibly result of specific disease or condition | A |
Cancer in previous 5 years, other than basal cell or squamous cell cancer of the skin | A, TI | |
Discitis | A | |
Degenerative disc disease | A | |
Fracture of vertebra | A, TI | |
Infectious cause of back pain | TI | |
Pregnancy | TI | |
Scoliosis, severe or progressive | A, TI | |
Spinal stenosis | A, TI | |
Spondylolisthesis | A, TI | |
Back surgery within previous 2 years | Back problem is complicated by medical or medicolegal issues | TI |
Seeking or receiving compensation for back pain or involved in litigation related to back pain | ||
Blindness | Condition might make it difficult to attend the classes or practice at home | A |
Deafness | A | |
No way to play home practice audio recordings at home | TI | |
Paralysis | A | |
Psychoses, major | A, TI | |
Schedules do not permit participation in classes or home practice (including planning to move out of town) | TI | |
Vision problems, severe | TI | |
Hearing problems, severe | TI | |
Lack of transportation | TI | |
Fibromyalgia | Condition or circumstance might confound treatment effects or interpretation of data | TI |
Rheumatoid arthritis and/or anklyosing spondylitis | A, TI | |
Other disabling chronic conditions (for example, disabling heart or lung disease, diabetic neuropathy, receiving treatment for hepatitis) | TI | |
Planning on seeing a specialist for back pain (for example, surgeon, neurologist, rheumatologist) | TI | |
Dementia | Condition would make it difficult to provide fully informed consent | A |
Unable to read or speak English | TI | |
Currently taking a mind–body class for back pain or class taken within previous 1 year | Possible bias due to current or recent interventions | TI |