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Table 2 Overview of preoperative inspiratory muscle training studies

From: Preoperative inspiratory muscle training to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing esophageal resection (PREPARE study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

 

PREPARE trial

Dettling[15]

Agrelli[29]

Hulzebos[13]

Savci[30]

Dronkers[16]

Barbalho-Moulim[31]

Kulkarni[32]

Study population

Esophageal resection

Esophageal resection

Esophageal resection

Cardiac surgery

Cardiac surgery

Upper abdominal surgery

Open bariatric surgery

Major abdominal surgery

Number of (anticipated) included patients

(248)

83

20

279

43

20

22

80

Sample size calculation

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Randomization

Individual

-

-

Individual

Individual

Individual

Individual

Individual

Control group without IMT

+

+

-

+

+

+

+

+

Pilot-study

-

+

+

-

-

+

-

+

Blinding

Primary and secondary outcomes

-

-

Primary outcome

-

Primary outcome

-

-

Multicenter

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Stratification

Center and surgical technique

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pulmonary risk stratification

-

-

-

+

-

+

-

-

Intervention

        

Duration of preoperative IMT

2-6 weeks

2 weeks

4 weeks

> 2 weeks

5 days

> 2 weeks

2-4 weeks

2 weeks

Supervised training sessions

1

1/week

1/week

1/week

5 sessions

1/week

1/week

1/week

High intensity program (≥ 60% MIP)

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Outcome

        

PPCs

+

+

-

+

-

+

-

-

Respiratory muscle function (pre-/postoperative)

+/+

+/+

+/−

+/−

+/+

+/−

+/+

+/+

Lung function (pre-/postoperative)

+/+

−/−

+/−

−/−

+/+

−/−

+/+

+/+