From: Cervical auscultation in the diagnosis of oropharyngeal aspiration in children: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Pre-swallow
Swallow
Post-swallow
Normal breathing [54]
Crisp and clear ‘distinct’ [56]
Wet breathing [5, 54]
Quick [54]
Rattly chest
Loud
Grunting
Initial discrete sound (IDS) [32, 55, 57]
Crackles
Bolus transit sound (BTS) [32, 55, 57]
Stridor
Final discrete sound (FDS) [32, 57]
Wheeze
Glottal release sound (GRS) [55]
Throat clearing
Coordinated
Coughing [12–14]
Uncoordinated