Table 4 Questionnaire related characteristics for 'At Home’ participants by need status at enrolment visit

Community Integration Scale (CIS)

 Physical subscale score

2.1 (1.7)

1.9 (1.7)

2.4 (1.8)

<0.001

 Psychological subscale score

10.9 (3.5)

11.0 (3.5)

10.7 (3.6)

0.368

Colorado Symptom Index (CSI)

 Total score

37.2 (12.5)

38.0 (13.1)

36.0 (11.7)

0.098

Comorbid Conditions List (CMC) ¹

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

 Asthma

103 (21)

50 (17)

53 (26)

0.009

 Hepatitis C

139 (30)

78 (28)

61 (31)

0.302

 HIV/AIDS

43 (9)

18 (6)

25 (12)

0.012

 Hepatitis B

25 (5)

13 (5)

12 (6)

0.412

 Blood-borne infectious diseases²

157 (32)

87 (30)

70 (35)

0.224

 Epilepsy or seizure

67 (13)

49 (16)

18 (9)

0.016

 Stroke

27 (5)

19 (6)

8 (4)

0.248

 Cancer

18 (4)

14 (5)

4 (2)

0.117

 Head Injury

324 (65)

191 (64)

133 (67)

0.563

 Presence of any physical illness

453 (91)

268 (90)

185 (93)

0.384

 Multiple (≥ 2) physical illness

402 (81)

231 (78)

171 (86)

0.032

 Multiple (≥ 3) physical illness

344 (69)

189 (64)

155 (78)

0.001

EuroQuol 5D (EQ5D)

 Overall health

61.0 (22.5)

61.8 (23.1)

60.0 (21.5)

0.382

Food Security (FS)

 Total score

4.6 (2.6)

4.5 (2.5)

4.8 (2.7)

0.214

Global Assessment of Individual need –Substance Problem Scale (GAIN-SPS)

 Total score (last month)

2.1 (2.0)

2.3 (2.0)

1.8 (2.0)

0.007

 Age of first alcohol use

14.1 (6.3)

14.2 (5.0)

14.1 (4.9)

0.751

 Age of first drug use

15.7 (5.0)

15.5 (5.6)

16.0 (7.2)

0.438

Health Service Access Items (ACC)

 Have a regular medical doctor

320 (65)

177 (60)

143 (72)

0.008

 Place to go when you are sick

395 (81)

231 (79)

164 (83)

0.342

 Needed health care, but didn’t receive it

209 (43)

129 (45)

80 (40)

0.269

Health, Social Justice Service Use Inventory (HSJSU)

 Seen by a health/social service provider

389 (79)

216 (74)

173 (89)

<0.001

 Visited psychiatrist

134 (27)

89 (30)

45 (22)

0.066

 Talked with a health/social service provider

112 (29)

58 (20)

54 (27)

0.065

 Emergency room visit

281 (58)

163 (56)

118 (60)

0.483

 Ambulance

195 (40)

118 (40)

77 (39)

0.748

 Contacts with police (no arrest)

254 (52)

154 (53)

100 (51)

0.573

 Held in a police cell (≤24 hours)

112 (23)

80 (28)

32 (16)

0.002

 Arrested

173 (36)

128 (44)

45 (23)

<0.001

 Court appearance

174 (36)

123 (43)

51 (26)

<0.001

Interviewer Impression Items (III)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

 Signs of difficulty in reading response card (a lot)

20 (4)

17 (6)

3 (1)

0.019

 Signs of drug or alcohol intoxication (a lot)

10 (2)

7 (2)

3 (1)

0.505

 Signs of psychiatric symptoms (a lot)

66 (13)

58 (19)

8 (4)

<0.001

 Validity of information (no confidence)

14 (3)

13 (4)

1 (<1)

0.010

Multnomah Community Ability Scale (MCAS)*

 Total score

56.1 (9.6)

50.7 (6.8)

64.1 (7.3)

<0.001

SF-12 Health Survey (SF-12)

 Physical health

45.9 (12.3)

46.5 (12.4)

45.1 (12.2)

0.233

 Mental health

35.4 (13.7)

35.8 (13.6)

34.8 (13.9)

0.445

Quality of Life Index 20 Item (QOLI-20)

 Total score

73.6 (21.9)

74.4 (21.5)

72.5 (22.4)

0.337

Recovery Assessment Scale 22 item (RAS-22)

 Total score

79.5 (12.0)

79.2 (11.5)

79.9 (12.8)

0.563

Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

 Use of alcohol

225 (46)

142 (48)

83 (42)

0.174

 Use of heroin

96 (19)

59 (20)

37 (19)

0.732

 Use of Cocaine

83 (17)

57 (19)

26 (13)

0.074

 Use of Cocaine-crack base

160 (32)

97 (33)

63 (32)

0.805

 Use of Amphetamine

61 (12)

44 (15)

17 (7)

0.035

 Use of Cannabis

205 (45)

133 (47)

72 (42)

0.256

 Injection drug use

88 (18)

54 (18)

34 (17)

0.727

 Daily drug use (excluding alcohol)

126 (25)

82 (28)

44 (22)

0.159

 Poly drug (≥ 3) use (excluding alcohol)

108 (22)

72 (24)

36 (18)

0.065