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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants

From: Effectiveness of scalpel debridement for painful plantar calluses in older people: a randomized trial

Characteristic at baseline

Real debridement

Sham debridement

n= 41

n= 39

Age, years

71.8 (5.5)

73.3 (5.4)

Number of women (%)

30 (73%)

20 (51%)

Weight, kg

74.4 (13.4)

79.6 (14.8)

Height, m

1.64 (0.08)

1.66 (0.11)

Body mass index, kg/m2

27.9 (4.7)

29.2 (4.1)

Heel height of shoe, mm

15.1 (6.5)

14.1 (6.8)

Hallux valgus, measured using the Manchester Scale [37]

1 (0 to 3)

1 (0 to 3)

Median toe deformities (range)

1 (1 to 2)

1 (1 to 2)

Pain at callus site, mm on a visual analogue scale

54.6 (21.0)

47.9 (20.8)

Peak plantar pressure, kg/cm2

2.15 (0.48)

2.39 (0.42)

Maximum balance range, cm

12.0 (4.1)

11.1(2.8)

Sit-to-stand time, s

14.2 (4.6)

14.5 (4.6)

Alternate step time, s

13.7 (4.4)

13.5 (3.8)

6-m walking time, s

6.1 (1.6)

6.7 (1.6)

  1. Values are means (SD), unless stated otherwise.