Domain | Task/Scan type | MRI/Autonomic measures | Scan protocol/Task description |
---|---|---|---|
Structural scans | T1 | Gray/white matter volume | Scan protocol: 3D T1 weighted high resolution SPGR MRI scan, TR = 8.3 ms, TE = 3.2 ms, Flip angle = 110, TI = 500 ms, NEX = 1, Matrix = 256 × 256, resolution = 1 mm × 1 mm, 180 contiguous 1 mm sagittal slices. |
Cortical thickness | |||
Cortical surface area | |||
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) | Fractional Anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD), radial (RD) diffusivity measures for white matter regions and fiber tracts | Scan protocol: Spin echo DTI echo planar imaging scan, 42 directions, b value = 1,250, TR = 17,000 ms, TE = 95 ms, NEX = 1, Matrix = 128 × 128, resolution = 1.72 mm × 1.72 mm, 70 contiguous 2.5 mm axial/oblique slices covering the whole brain. | |
PD/T2 | Proton density | Scan protocol: 2D Fast Spin echo scan, TR = 4,000 ms, TE1 = 6.4 ms, TE2 = 102 ms, NEX = 1, Matrix = 256 × 256, resolution = 0.86 mm × 0.86 mm, ETL = 16, 70 contiguous 2.5 mm axial/oblique slices covering whole brain. | |
T2 structural scan for clinical evaluation | |||
Functional scans | Oddball | Changes in fMRI BOLD signal | Scan protocol: Echo planar imaging scan, TR = 2,500 ms, TE = 27.5 ms, Flip angle = 900, NEX = 1, Matrix = 64 × 64, resolution = 3.75 mm × 3.75 mm, 40 contiguous 3.5 mm axial/oblique slices covering whole brain in each volume, total 120 volumes. |
Average heart rate | |||
Average skin conductance | Task description: 20 target (1,000 Hz) and 100 nontarget (50 Hz) tones presented one at a time at 75 db (50 ms each, ISI = 2.4 seconds). | ||
Continuous performance test (CPT) | Changes in fMRI BOLD signal | Scan protocol: See Oddball protocol | |
Average heart rate | Task description: 120 stimuli are presented (B, C, D or G letters, for 200 ms each, ISI = 2.3 sec). Sixty were yellow letters to be held in working memory (no consecutive repetitions), 20 were 1-back sustained attention stimuli (consecutive repetitions of a letter in yellow) and 40 were perceptual baseline stimuli in white letters. Participants were measured for the number of errors or omissions. | ||
Average skin conductance | |||
Go-NoGo | Changes in fMRI BOLD signal | Scan protocol: See Oddball protocol | |
Average heart rate | Task description: 180 Go stimuli (word ‘press’ in green) and NoGo stimuli (word ‘press’ in red) each presented sequentially (500 ms each, ISI = .75 seconds). NoGo stimuli were not repeated more than three times in a row. Participants were measured for target detection rate, response time, errors of commission and errors of omission. | ||
Average skin conductance | |||
Emotion (masked ‘nonconscious’; Then unmasked ‘conscious’) | Changes in fMRI BOLD signal | Scan protocol: See Oddball protocol | |
Average heart rate | Task description: 240 3D evoked standardized facial expressions that depicted fear, anger, disgust, sadness, happiness or neutral were presented for 500 ms (ISI = .75 seconds). Stimuli were grouped into eight faces expressing the same emotion and were repeated five times in a pseudorandom order. Participants were assessed for explicit emotion processing for the ‘Masked’ condition. | ||
Average skin conductance | The same set of facial expressions was presented for the ‘Unmasked’ condition; however, backward masking (expression presented for 10 ms immediately followed by a neutral face for 190 ms) was used to prevent conscious awareness of facial expression. | ||
Additional scan | Phase map | Map magnetic field in homogeneities for EPI distortion correction | Scan protocol: Dual echo MRI scan, TE1 = 10 ms, TE2 = 12.5 ms, TR = 700 ms, Flip angle = 150, NEX = 1, Matrix = 128 × 128, 40 contiguous 3.5 mm axial/oblique slices. |