Table 2 Baseline characteristics of enrolled participants by sitea
Variable | Variable category | Overall | Rural (FP) | Urban (STD) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | N = 889 | n = 611 | n = 278 | Â |
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
Age (Mean; ± SD; range) | 23.9; ± 5.1; 18-40 | 23.3; ± 4.9; 18-40 | 25.1; ± 5.4;18-39 | <0.001 | |
Parity (Mean; ± SD; range) | 1.1 (0-8) | 1.1 (0-5) | 1.4 (0-8) | <0.001 | |
Age groups (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | 18 to 24 years | 579 (65.1) | 423 (69.2) | 156 (56.1) | 0.001 |
| Â | 25 to 29 years | 177 (19.9) | 112 (18.3) | 65 (23.4) | Â |
| Â | 30 to 34 years | 85 (9.6) | 52 (8.5) | 33 (11.9) | Â |
| Â | 35 to 40 years | 48 (5.4) | 24 (3.9) | 24 (8.6) | Â |
Education level (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | No Schooling | 4 (0.4) | 4 (0.7) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Â | Primary school | 37 (4.2) | 25 (4.1) | 12 (4.3) | Â |
| Â | High school not complete | 483 (54.3) | 377 (61.7) | 106 (38.1) | Â |
| Â | High school complete | 301 (33.9) | 195 (31.9) | 106 (38.1) | Â |
| Â | Some Tertiary education | 64 (7.2) | 10 (1.6) | 54 (19.4) | Â |
Income level (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | No income | 96 (10.9) | 78 (12.8) | 18 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Â | <R1000 per month | 718 (80.7) | 526 (86.1) | 192 (69.1) | Â |
| Â | >R1001 per month | 75 (8.4) | 7 (1.1) | 68 (24.5) | Â |
Contraception (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | Hormonal injectables | 730 (82.1) | 508 (83.1) | 222 (79.9) | 0.58 |
| Â | Hormonal oral | 138 (15.5) | 89 (14.6) | 49 (17.6) | Â |
| Â | Tubal ligation | 20 (2.2) | 13 (2.1) | 7 (2.5) | Â |
| Â | Hysterectomy | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | Â |
Sexual behavioral characteristics | |||||
Age at sexual debut (Mean, ± SD, range) | 17.4; ± 2.0; 12-26 | 17.3; ± 2.0; 12-25 | 17.7; ± 2.0; 12-26 | 0.01 | |
Total lifetime sex partners (Mean, ± SD, range) | 3.3; ± 10.5; 1-202 | 2.1; ± 1.2; 1-10 | 6.0; ± 18.4; 1-202 | 0.001 | |
Sex acts in the past 7 days (Mean, ± SD, range) | 2.0; ± 3.0; 0-40 | 1.7; ± 2.1; 0-28 | 2.7; ± 4.2;;0-40 | <0.001 | |
Sex acts in the past 30 days (Mean, ± SD, range) | 8.4; ± 9.1; 0-130 | 6.7; ± 5.2; 0-40 | 12.1; ± 13.6;0-130 | <0.001 | |
Any anal sex in the past 30 days (n, %) | 4 (0.5) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 1.0 | |
One stable sex partner in the past year (n, %) | 846 (95.2) | 588 (96.2) | 258 (92.8) | 0.04 | |
One stable sex partner In the past 30 days (n, %) | 855 (96.2) | 590 (96.6) | 265 (95.3) | 0.45 | |
Living with regular partner (n, %) | 109 (12.3) | 58 (9.5) | 51 (18.3) | <0.001 | |
New sex partner in the last 30 days (n, %) | 10 (1.1) | 3 (0.5) | 7 (2.5) | 0.01 | |
More than 2 casual sex partners in the past year (n, %) | 38 (4.3) | 4 (0.7) | 34 (12.2) | <0.001 | |
Work requires sleeping overnight away from regular partner (n, %) b | 214 (24.1) | 169 (27.7) | 45 (16.4) | <0.001 | |
Nights sleeping away from partner in the last 30 days (Mean, ± SD, range) | 22.4; ± 8.3; 0-30 | 24.6; ± 5.9; 0-30 | 17.3; ± 10.5; 0-30 | <0.001 | |
Ever forced to have sex with anyone (n, %) | 6 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 5 (1.8) | 0.01 | |
Ever received money in exchange for sex (n, %) | 17 (1.9) | 2 (0.3) | 15 (5.4) | <0.001 | |
Knows sex partner has other sex partners in the last 30 days (n, %) | 179 (20.1) | 115 (18.8) | 64 (23.0) | 0.21 | |
Knows sex partner had an HIV test in the last 30 days (n, %) | 19 (2.1) | 16 (2.6) | 3 (1.1) | 0.09 | |
Alcohol usually consumed by partner before sex (n, %) | 262 (29.5) | 162 (26.5) | 100 (36.0) | 0.01 | |
Alcohol consumed by partner and self before last sex (n, %) | 36 (4.0) | 4 (0.7) | 32 (11.5) | <0.001 | |
Male condoms use (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | Always | 259 (29.1) | 140 (22.9) | 119 (42.8) | <0.001 |
| Â | Sometimes | 482 (54.2) | 342 (56.0) | 140 (50.4) | Â |
| Â | Never | 148 (16.7) | 129 (21.1) | 19 (6.8) | Â |
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Genital symptoms$ in the last 30 days (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
| Â | Any symptoms | 335 (37.8) | 189 (30.9) | 146 (52.5) | <0.001 |
HSV-2 prevalence | 454 (51.4) d | 289 (47.6) c | 165 (59.6) b | 0.001 | |