Table 7 Activation Task-Elicited Event Related Potentials
Event Related Potentiala | Description | Participant Response | Measure definition | Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Oddball P300b | Series of 300 tones presented at 75 db (each 50 ms, ISI = 1 second) | Press a button in response to high-pitched tones (1000 Hz), ignore low-pitched tones (500 Hz) | P300 over the parietal cortex ≈300 ms after each target stimulus (range: 270-450 ms) | Amplitude averaged across target trials for frontal and parietal recording sites, Fz and Pz |
Continuous Performance P450b | Series of 125 letters (B, C, D or G) presented sequentially (each 200 ms, ISI = 2.5 seconds) | Press a button when the same letter appears twice in a row | P450, occurring in response to updating of non-target letters at ≈450 ms after letter (range: 300-550 ms). Most prominent over frontal brain regions (71) | Averaged across non-target letter trials for the frontal Fz recording site |
Novelty Early P300 | Series of 20 blue and green checkerboard stimuli presented briefly (200 ms) and infrequently, unexpectedly and at random intervals within the Continuous Performance Test (ISI = 2 seconds) | No response required | P300 occurring 250 ms after novelty stimuli over medial-central frontal brain regions (range: 220-320 ms) (72) | Averaged over novelty trials and over Fz and Cz recording sites |
NoGo N200b | 168 stimuli presented sequentially (200 ms each, ISI = 2 seconds) | Press a button as quickly as possible for Go stimuli, don't press for NoGo stimuli | N200 occurring ≈200 ms after NoGo stimuli over fronto-central brain regions (range: 150-230 ms) (39) | Elicited within the timescale of 'automatic' error detection and impulsivity (73) |
Emotion P120 and Emotion VPP | Series of 288 stimuli presented (3-dimensional facial expressions depicting fear, anger, disgust, sadness, happiness or neutral) (500 ms each, ISI = 767 ms) | Active viewing, no response required. | P120 occurring around 120 ms over temporo-occipital sites (range: 80-140 ms) VPP occurring around 170 ms over fronto-central sites (range: 120-220 ms) | Average of 32 estimuli for each emotion for P120 (T5, T6, O1, O2 sites); VPP Fz, Cz sites) |
Startle "noise burst" | Series of 20 acoustic startle stimuli (white noise burst at 105 db, 50 ms duration, ISI = 10-15 seconds) | Startle eye blink: muscle contraction of the eye blink reflex as measured by the electromyogram (82) | Onset latency, peak amplitude and peak latency | Averaged across the 20 trials, excluding non-response trials |