Table 1 How summary results of clinical trials can be misleading even when everyone gets the same relative risk reduction.
From: Assessing and reporting heterogeneity in treatment effects in clinical trials: a proposal
Assumption: Treatment reduces baseline risk by 25% without any treatment related harm | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control Event Rate* (CER, %) | Experimental Event Rate (EER, %) | Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) | Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) | Number Needed to Treat (NNT) | |
(% of study population) | |||||
Overall result (100%) | 8 | 6 | 0.25 | 0.02 | 50 |
Average risk subjects (75%) | 4 | 3 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 100 |
High risk subjects (25%) | 20 | 15 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 20 |