Skip to main content

Table 2 Baseline comparison of intervention (n = 97) and control group patients (n = 100).

From: Case management for patients with chronic systolic heart failure in primary care: The HICMan exploratory randomised controlled trial

 

Intervention group (n = 97)

Control group (n = 100)

Mean (SD; Range) number of patients per practice

3.2 (1.2; 1-6)

3.2 (1.7; 1-8)

Practice type

  

   single

35 (36.1)

38 (38.0)

   group

62 (63.9)

62 (62.0)

List size (patients per quarter)

  

   0-1000

22 (22.7)

26 (26.0)

   1001-1500

25 (36.1)

22 (22.0)

   >1500

40 (41.2)

42 (42.0)

Male sex

69 (71.1)

74 (74.0)

Mean (SD) age (years)

70.4 (10.0)

68.9 (9.7)

Living alone

26 (26.3)

27 (27.0)

Social class*:

(n = 81)

(n = 84)

   lower,

26 (32.1),

25 (29.8),

   middle,

47 (58.0),

52 (61.9),

   upper class

8 (9.9)

7 (8.3)

Participation of GP in Train the trainer-trial (GP received an)

  

   intensive educational intervention

14 (14.4)

18 (18.0)

   control educational intervention

9 (9.3)

10 (10.0)

   no educational intervention

74 (76.3)

72 (72.0)

NYHA-functional class (according to GP)

  

   I

1 (1.0)

5 (5.0)

   II

63 (64.9)

67 (67.0)

   III

33 (34.0)

27 (27.0)

   IV

0

1 (1.0)

Mean (SD) LVEF

35.7 (7.5) (n = 83)

37.6 (6.7) (n = 88)

Main cause of CHF

  

   ischemic

46 (47.4)

47 (47.0)

   non-ischemic

51 (52.6)

53 (53.0)

Mean (SD) duration (years) of CHF

6.2 (4.6) (n = 79)

6.8 (6.3) (n = 74)

Localisation of CHF

  

   Left

61 (62.9)

67 (67.0)

   Left and right

33 (34.0)

31 (31.0)

   Unknown

3 (3.1)

2 (2.0)

Cardiovascular interventions

  

   PTCA/Stent (any)

29 (29.9)

36 (36.0)

   Bypass (any)

21 (21.6)

21 (21.0)

   Pacemaker (right ventricular)

16 (16.5)

16 (16.0)

   Pacemaker (biventricular)

7 (7.2)

8 (8.0)

   ICD

11 (11.3)

21 (21.0)

   Prosthetic heart valve (any)

5 (5.2)

7 (7.0)

   Reanimation/Defibrillation

8 (8.2)

6 (6.0)

Medical conditions

  

   Atrial fibrillation

25 (25.8)

29 (29.0)

   PAD

17 (17.5)

17 (17.0)

   Cerebrovascular disease

22 (22.7)

16 (16.0)

   Asthma

7 (7.2)

5 (5.0)

   COPD

25 (25.8)

27 (27.0)

   Depression

22 (22.7)

17 (17.0)

Cardiovascular risk factors

  

   Diabetes mellitus

32 (33.0)

35 (35.0)

   Hypertension

78 (80.4)

78 (78.0)

   Dyslipidemia

63 (64.9)

75 (75.0)

   History of infarction before 60 years

18 (18.6)

16 (16.0)

   Ex-/smoker (Ex: since at least 6 months)

38/9 (39.2/9.3)

42/14 (42.0/14.0)

Mean number (SD) of drinks per week

3.9 (5.5)

4.7 (9.2)

Creatinine-Clearance: Mean (SD) GFR (ml/min)**

71.6 (31.4) (n = 96)

71.6 (35.1)

Stage of renal dysfunction

(n = 96)

 

   GFR ≥ 60 ml/min**

54 (56.2)

57 (57.0)

   GFR 30-59 ml/min**

39 (40.6)

37 (37.0)

   GFR ≤ 29 ml/min**

3 (3.1)

6 (6.0)

Mean (SD) level of NT-pro-BNP [Median, IQR] in pg/ml

2222.5 (5282.2) [1010.5, 1750] (n = 94)

1828.6 (2914.9) [930, 1712] (n = 96)

Drugs at baseline included:

  

   ACE inhibitor or A2RA

91 (93.8)

95 (95.0)

   β-blocker

70 (72.2)

84 (84.0)

   ACE inhibitor/A2RA and β-blocker

66 (68.0)

80 (80.0)

   Spironolactone/Eplerenone

32 (33.0)

26 (26.0)

   Loop diuretics

60 (61.9)

59 (59.0)

   Thiazide diuretics

34 (35.1)

41 (41.0)

   Cardiac glycosides

25 (25.8)

26 (26.0)

   Statins

57 (58.8)

58 (58.0)

   Other lipid lowering drugs

11 (11.3)

14 (14.0)

   Aspirin (100-300 mg/d)

38 (39.2)

43 (43.0)

   Clopidogrel

5 (5.2)

5 (5.0)

   Phenprocoumon (Vitamin K Antagonist: equivalent to Warfarin)

41 (42.3)

46 (46.0)

  1. Values represent numbers (percentages) of patients unless stated otherwise.
  2. *Social Class according to modified German Winkler-index [57] (lower class: 3-7; middle class: 8-14; upper class: 15-21)
  3. **Estimation of the GFR according to the formula of Cockroft and Gault;