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Clinical trials often involve some form of interim monitoring to determine futility before planned trial completion. While many options for interim monitoring exist (e.g., alpha-spending, conditional power), n...
HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) contributes disproportionately to global tuberculosis mortality. Patients hospitalised at the time of the diagnosis of HIV-associated disseminated TB are typically severely ill...
Use of electronic methods to support informed consent (‘eConsent’) is increasingly popular in clinical research. This commentary reports the approach taken to implement electronic consent methods and subsequen...
Inflamm-aging is associated with the rate of aging and is significantly related to diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, atherosclerosis, heart disease, and age-related degenerative diseas...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a frequent cause of hypoxemic respiratory failure with a mortality rate of approximately 30%. Identifying ARDS subphenotypes based on “focal” or “non-focal” lung m...
Aging has been associated with a progressive loss of skeletal muscle quality, quantity and strength, which may result in a condition known as sarcopenia, leading to a decline in physical performance, loss of i...
Premature infants commonly encounter difficulties with oral feeding, a complication that extends hospital stays, affects infants’ quality of life, and imposes substantial burdens on families and society. Enhan...
To analyze the perioperative bleeding and hidden blood loss (HBL) of sacroiliac screw minimally invasive treatment of pelvic posterior ring injury and explore the influential factors of HBL after operation for...
Demographic changes, with an increasing number and proportion of older people with multimorbidity and frailty, will put more pressure on home care services in municipalities. Frail multimorbid people receiving...
With roughly 45,000 adult patients each year, distal radius fractures are one of the most common fractures in the emergency department. Approximately 60% of all these fractures are displaced and require surger...
The Brief Educational Workshops in Secondary Schools Trial (BESST) is an England-wide school-based cluster randomised controlled trial assessing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an open-access psychologi...
Maintenance therapy with niraparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, has been shown to extend progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer who responded to first-l...
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) is a new class of surgeries, which combines moderate to high success rates and a high safety profile. Bent Ab interno Needle Goniotomy (BANG) and Gonioscopy-Assisted ...
To evaluate mindfulness-based intervention for hypertension with depression and/or anxiety.
The use of antibiotics is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance and is considered a major threat to global health. In Denmark, approximately 75% of antibiotic prescriptions are issued in general practice, w...
The original article was published in Trials 2024 25:58
The optimal amount and timing of protein intake in critically ill patients are unknown. REPLENISH (Replacing Protein via Enteral Nutrition in a Stepwise Approach in Critically Ill Patients) trial evaluates whe...
The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:550
Despite several incremental improvements in the management of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the mortality rates remain high. In spite of national and international guidelines, variation in the choice, dose, an...
Distressing symptoms are common in advanced cancer. Medicinal cannabinoids are commonly prescribed for a variety of symptoms. There is little evidence to support their use for most indications in palliative ca...
Providing informed consent for trials requires providing trial participants with comprehensive information about the trial, including information about potential risks and benefits. It is required by the ethi...
Antenatal balanced energy and protein (BEP) supplements have well-documented benefits for pregnancy outcomes. However, considerable practical gaps remain in the effective and cost-effective delivery of antenat...
This paper describes the protocols for a randomized controlled trial using a parallel-group trial design that includes an intervention designed to address social isolation and loneliness among people experienc...
Iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements are currently provided to Cambodian women during pregnancy. However, recent research has found benefits of a multiple micronutrient supplement (MMS) over just IFA alone on...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant postoperative complication associated with increased mortality and hospital costs. Hemodynamic strategies, such as goal-directed therapy, might reduce AKI risk. Predi...
Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is an irreversible blinding eye disease worldwide and is classified as one of the refractory glaucoma conditions, severely impacting visual function and vision. Unfortunately, effect...
The fragility index is a statistical measure of the robustness or “stability” of a statistically significant result. It has been adapted to assess the robustness of statistically significant outcomes from rand...
Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent in women while pelvic floor muscle training is recommended as the first-line therapy. However, the exact treatment regimen is poorly understood. Also, patients with pel...
The incidence of hemiparetic limb dysfunction reaches 85% in stroke patients, emerging as a critical factor influencing their daily lives. However, the effectiveness of current rehabilitation treatments is con...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most lethal cancer in the United States (U.S.) with the highest incidence and mortality rates among African Americans (AAs) compared to other racial groups. Despite these ...
In patients requiring general anesthesia, lung-protective ventilation can prevent postoperative pulmonary complications, which are associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. Appl...
It is crucial to include a wide range of the population in clinical trials for the outcome to be applicable in real-world settings. Existing literature indicates that under-served groups, including disabled pe...
Neonatal mortality in India has fallen steadily and was estimated to be 24 per 1000 live births in the year 2017. However, neonatal mortality remains high in rural parts of the country. The Community Health Pr...
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic respiratory disorder that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life (QoL) and work performance. Pharmacists are recognized as suitable professionals to provide patient educ...
To ensure optimal coordination of the EU-funded COVID-19 platform trials, a double coordination mechanism was established. It included the Trial Coordination Board (TCB) to promote the dialogue between investi...
Mental health issues are common among patients with chronic physical conditions, affecting approximately one in five patients. Poor mental health is associated with worse disease outcomes and increased mortali...
Early, rapid, and accurate pathogen diagnosis can help clinicians select targeted treatment options, thus improving prognosis and reducing mortality rates of severe pneumonia. Metagenomic next-generation seque...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative illness marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons, causing motor symptoms. Oral levodopa replacement therapy remains the gold standard in the treat...
Recent developments suggest that neurosteroids may achieve rapid antidepressant effects. As such, neurosteroidogenesis mediated by the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) might constitute a promising option for...
Macular edema (ME) results from hyperpermeability of retinal vessels, leading to chronic extravasation of plasma components into the retina and hence potentially severe visual acuity loss. Current standard of ...
Children with sensitization against foods have to be orally food-challenged before eating these foods for the first time. However, the waiting time for an oral food challenge (OFC) in Germany is about 3–6 mont...
Informativeness, in the context of clinical trials, defines whether a study’s results definitively answer its research questions with meaningful next steps. Many clinical trials end uninformatively. Clinical t...
The World Health Organization recommends universal iron supplementation for children aged 6–23 months in countries where anaemia is seen in over 40% of the population. Conventional ferrous salts have low effic...
Treatment effects of conventional approaches with antipsychotics or psychosocial interventions are limited when it comes to reducing negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. While there is emerging cl...
Due to faster recovery and lower morbidity rates, laparoscopy has become the gold standard in elective colorectal surgery for both the benign and malignant forms of the disease. A substantial proportion of col...
Complete tooth loss is a significant global oral health issue, particularly impacting older individuals with lower socioeconomic status. Computer-assisted technologies enhance oral healthcare access by the eld...
About one third of patients with depression are in a condition that can be termed as “difficult-to-treat”. Some evidence suggests that difficult-to-treat depression is associated with a higher frequency of chi...
Liver disease is within the top five causes of premature death in adults. Deaths caused by complications of cirrhosis continue to rise, whilst deaths related to other non-liver disease areas are declining. Por...
Perinatal substance use can have significant adverse effects on maternal and child health and family stability. Few interventions are specifically designed to address this significant public health problem. Th...
n-of-1 trials are a type of crossover trial designed to optimise the evaluation of health technologies in individual patients. This trial design may be considered for the evaluation of health technologies in r...
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