Inclusion criteria | |
1. AF (CHA2DS2-VASc score >2 points) | |
2. Aged between 40 and 85 years | |
Exclusion criteria | |
1. Aged below 40 or over 85 years | |
2. History of myocardial infarction | |
3. Proven coronary artery disease by coronary angiogram | |
4. Cerebrovascular disorders rated as grade 4 or greater on the modified Rankin Scale | |
5. Severe peripheral arterial disease rated as Fontaine IIb or over | |
6. Uncontrolled hypertension (180/110 mmHg) or diabetes (glycated hemoglobin: HbA1C >10.0 %) | |
7. Severe hepatic dysfunction (aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) >100 mg/dL) | |
8. Renal dysfunction (serum creatinine ≥2.0 mg/dL) | |
9. Uncontrolled congestive heart failure | |
10. Severe hematological abnormalities | |
11. Drug allergies or history of hypersensitivity to the investigational drugs | |
12. Pregnant or lactating women, or women who wish to become pregnant |